Internet of Things (IoT) is the interconnectivity of an array of devices, or “things”, often accessible via the internet. IoT devices can be anything from wearables to appliances, industrial machines to vehicles, even animals to cities. These devices are designed to interact with each other by sending/receiving data without requiring human input.
The scale of IoT networks can vary greatly, from small Bluetooth networks to the scale of a city. The seamless integration of IoT networks is intended to provide efficiency and automation, but the advent of this technology has introduced the inherent complication of security.
Examples of IoT, using a real-world example includes: Philips Hue lights powered by Wifi networks, Smart CCTV cameras globally accessible, Industrial equipment powered by private networks (construction, manufacturing, or even oil vessels).
Some of the security concerns to be aware of are:
- The boundaries of an IoT network means location of devices may provide more entry points into the network.
- The data transferred by IoT devices may be sensitive. Devices are generally simplistic and do not filter. Particularly in wireless networks, data privacy is a major concern.
- There are many emerging technologies and manufacturers, leading to a diversity of protocols. Maintaining security and interoperability can be challenging.
- Control of an IoT device can lead to control of the network. A malicious actor can use a large network to disrupt availability or quality by using the devices against its own network or connected systems.
- With many IoT devices influencing machines we rely on, e.g. industrial machines, appliances, vehicles…, the security of IoT reaches our personal safety.
Security enhances to consider are:
- Only authorised devices must be allowed to connect to the network. Authentication methods such as MFA or certificates must be used to verify the identity of devices.
- IoT devices are often barebones. They may rely on as little processing power as possible to keep them light. However, encryption is crucial. Due to the sensitive data carried, and often in wireless networks, data must be encrypted at rest and in transit.
- The simplicity of IoT devices means firmware updates may not be automatically applied. Without security updates, vulnerabilities can be introduced. Pay particular attention to legacy and non-standard systems.
- Keep IoT networks separate from internal/organisational networks containing sensitive information. This will limit the impact of a potential breach.
- Not just the devices should be authorised. Good access control methods should be employed to restrict the access users have to the network. This includes regular review of permissions.
- Continuous monitoring of IoT devices and networks for unusual behavior or anomalies can help detect and respond to threats in real-time. Consider implementing advanced threat detection tools such as Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) and Intrusion Prevention Systems (IPS).
- Secure by design. Regular security assessments, code reviews, and testing for vulnerabilities during development is industry best practice.
- Always remember to change default passwords, ensuring sufficient complexity. If in doubt, follow OEM recommendations for configuration.
- Train employees/users on the security risks and best practices. Regularly review processes/policies and carry out exercises and knowledge tests as necessary.
Conclusion
Goaco can help your organisation protect against cyber threats, especially those related to IoT (Internet of Things), by offering a comprehensive suite of security services. They provide thorough security reviews that assess potential vulnerabilities in IoT deployments, ensuring that every device and system is secure.
Through robust governance frameworks, Goaco helps organisations implement and maintain security policies that align with best practices, ensuring consistent protection across all IoT devices. Our Managed Security Service (MSS) offers continuous monitoring and management, detecting and responding to threats in real-time, which is crucial for both small and large organisations with IoT networks.
Additionally, Goaco conducts penetration testing, simulating cyber-attacks to identify and address potential weaknesses before they can be exploited, ensuring that organisations are well-prepared against evolving cyber threats.
